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<h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Pontium</span></h1>
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<span style="display:none;">Skalenmarkierungen Start</span><div style="float:right; position:absolute; right:-1px; top:23.598820058997em;"><span style="font-size:86%;white-space:nowrap;">-20 —</span></div><div style="float:right; position:absolute; right:-1px; top:17.699115044248em;"><span style="font-size:86%;white-space:nowrap;">–</span></div><span style="display:none;">Skalenmarkierungen Ende</span>
<span style="display:none;">Skalenmarkierungen Start</span><div style="float:right; position:absolute; right:-1px; top:11.799410029499em;"><span style="font-size:86%;white-space:nowrap;">-10 —</span></div><div style="float:right; position:absolute; right:-1px; top:5.8997050147493em;"><span style="font-size:86%;white-space:nowrap;">–</span></div><span style="display:none;">Skalenmarkierungen Ende</span>
<p><span style="display:none;">Skalenmarkierungen Start</span><span style="display:none;">Skalenmarkierungen Ende</span>
<span style="display:none;">Skalenmarkierungen Start</span><span style="display:none;">Skalenmarkierungen Ende</span>
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<span style="display:none;">Skalenmarkierungen Start</span><span style="display:none;">Skalenmarkierungen Ende</span>
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<p>Das <b>Pontium</b> (auch Pontien oder verkürzt zu Pont) ist eine regionale <a href="Chronostratigraphie" title="Chronostratigraphie">chronostratigraphische</a> <a href="Stufe_(Geologie)" title="Stufe (Geologie)">Stufe</a> des Oberen <a href="Mioz%C3%A4n" title="Miozän">Miozäns</a> (<a href="Neogen" title="Neogen">Neogen</a>) im zentralen <a href="Paratethys" title="Paratethys">Paratethys</a>-Bereich. Das Pontium wird mit der internationalen <a href="Chronostratigraphie" title="Chronostratigraphie">chronostratigraphische</a> <a href="Stufe_(Geologie)" title="Stufe (Geologie)">Stufe</a> des <a href="Messinium" title="Messinium">Messinium</a> korreliert. Damit entspricht es in etwa dem Zeitraum 7,246 (±0,005) Millionen bis 5,332 (±0,005) Millionen Jahren (für eine abweichende Datierung siehe <sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>). Es liegt über der regionalen Stufe des <a href="Pannonium" title="Pannonium">Pannoniums</a> und wird vom <a href="Dacium" title="Dacium">Dacium</a> abgelöst, das bereits zur internationalen <a href="Serie_(Geologie)" title="Serie (Geologie)">Serie</a> des <a href="Plioz%C3%A4n" title="Pliozän">Pliozän</a> gehört.
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Namensgebung_und_Stratotyp">Namensgebung und Stratotyp</h2></div>
<p>Der Name kommt von der lateinischen Bezeichnung <i>Pontus Euxinus</i> für das Schwarze Meer. Die Stufe wurde von <a href="Pierre_Guilleaume_Fr%C3%A9deric_Le_Play" title="Pierre Guilleaume Fréderic Le Play">Pierre Guilleaume Fréderic Le Play</a> im Jahre 1842 vorgeschlagen.
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Definition">Definition</h2></div>
<p>In der Stratigraphischen Tabelle von Österreich wird das Pontium mit dem gesamten <a href="Messinium" title="Messinium">Messinium</a> korreliert. Dagegen ist das niederländisch-rumänische Autorenteam Snel, Mărunţeanu, Macaleţ, Meulenkamp und van Vugt der Meinung, dass das Pontium lediglich dem oberen Teil des Messiniums entspricht. Das Pontium wird in der älteren Literatur z. T. auch als <a href="Pannonium" title="Pannonium">Oberpannon</a> bezeichnet, weil sich <a href="Stratigraphie_(Geologie)" title="Stratigraphie (Geologie)">stratigraphische</a> Ähnlichkeiten zum <a href="Pannonien" title="Pannonien">Pannonischen</a> und <a href="Wiener_Becken" title="Wiener Becken">Wiener Becken</a> erkennen lassen, und vereinzelt auch zu <a href="Terti%C3%A4r_(Geologie)" class="mw-redirect" title="Tertiär (Geologie)">tertiären</a> Kohlenrevieren in der <a href="Steiermark" title="Steiermark">Steiermark</a>(?).
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Untergliederung">Untergliederung</h2></div>
<p>Das Pontium wird in die drei regionalen Unterstufen des
</p>
<ul><li>Bosphorium,</li>
<li>Portafferium und</li>
<li>Novorossium (= Odessium)</li></ul>
<p>unterteilt. Diese Begriffe werden jedoch seltener benutzt.
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Tektonik_zur_Zeit_des_Pontium">Tektonik zur Zeit des Pontium</h2></div>
<p>In der Zeit des Pontium ging die <a href="Alpidisch" class="mw-redirect" title="Alpidisch">alpidische</a> <a href="Gebirgsbildung" title="Gebirgsbildung">Gebirgsbildung</a> zu Ende. In deren Verlauf hatte sich vom <a href="Schwarzwald" title="Schwarzwald">Schwarzwald</a> bis zum <a href="Schwarzes_Meer" title="Schwarzes Meer">Schwarzen Meer</a> die <a href="Paratethys" title="Paratethys">Paratethys</a> gebildet, die langsam nach <a href="Osten" title="Osten">Osten</a> fortschreitend verlandete. Es herrschte (vor den quartären Eiszeiten) noch ein warmes Klima.
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Einzelnachweise">Einzelnachweise</h2></div>
<ol class="references">
<li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Snel et al., 2006: 6,15±0,11 bis 5,30±0,1 Millionen Jahre</span>
</li>
</ol>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Literatur">Literatur</h2></div>
<ul><li>Frédéric LePlay: <i>Formation tertiaire de la steppe pontique.</i> In: Anatolij Nikolaevič Demidov (Hrsg.): <i>Voyage dans la Russie méridionale et la Crimée.</i> Band 4, S. 150–168, St. Petersburg 1842</li>
<li>Hans Murawski & Wilhelm Meyer: <i>Geologisches Wörterbuch</i>. 10., neu bearb. u. erw. Aufl., 278 S., Enke Verlag, Stuttgart 1998, ISBN 3-432-84100-0.</li>
<li>E. Snel, M. Mărunţeanu, R. Macaleţ, J. E. Meulenkamp und N. van Vugt: <i>Late Miocene to Early Pliocene chronostratigraphic framework for the Dacic Basin, Romania.</i> Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 238: 107–124, Amsterdam 2006 <span class="-print"><a href="Internationale_Standardnummer_f%C3%BCr_fortlaufende_Sammelwerke" title="Internationale Standardnummer für fortlaufende Sammelwerke">ISSN</a> <span style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://zdb-katalog.de/list.xhtml?t=iss%3D%220031-0182%22&key=cql">0031-0182</a></span></span></li></ul>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Weblinks">Weblinks</h2></div>
<ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://geologie.adelegg.info/diplomarbeiten/lges.html">http://geologie.adelegg.info/diplomarbeiten/lges.html</a> (Pliozän, obere <a href="Molasse" title="Molasse">Molasse</a> im Allgäu)</li>
<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.schweizerbart.de/pubs/journals/0012-0189/paper/109/673">http://www.schweizerbart.de/pubs/journals/0012-0189/paper/109/673</a> (Deutsche Geologentagung)</li>
<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.geologie-ist-alles.at/PDFs/03_C_Stratigraphische_Tabelle_von_Oesterreich_2004.pdf">Kommission für die paläontologische und stratigraphische Erforschung Österreichs der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften (Hrsg.): <i>Die Stratigraphische Tabelle von Österreich (sedimentäre Schichtfolgen).</i> Wien 2004</a> (PDF; 376 kB)</li></ul></div><!--htdig_noindex--><div><div class="zim-footer">
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